The distribution of the eigenvalues of differential operators has long fascinated mathematicians. Recent advances have shed new light upon classical problems in this area, and this book presents a fresh approach, largely based upon the results of the authors. The emphasis here is on a topic of central importance in analysis, namely the relationship between i) function spaces on Euclidean n-space and on domains; ii) entropy numbers in quasi-Banach spaces; and iii) the distribution of the eigenvalues of degenerate elliptic (pseudo) differential operators. The treatment is largely self contained and accessible to non-specialists. Both experts and newcomers alike will welcome this unique exposition.