Mentioned as the second prize category in his will, Chemistry was the most important science for Alfred Nobel's own work. The development of Nobel's inventions as well as the industrial processes he employed were based upon chemical knowledge. This volume is a collection of the Nobel lectures delivered by the Nobel laureates, together with their biographies and the presentation speeches for the period 2011-2015. Each Nobel lecture is based on the work for which the laureate was awarded the Nobel Prize.