Translational Autoimmunity: Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases, Volume Two in the Translational Immunology series, focuses on advances in therapeutic modalities in autoimmune diseases. Efficacy and safety of not only the current biologic therapies, but also novel drug targets are discussed. Therapeutic targeting of B regulatory cells, T regulatory cells, as well as the immunomodulation effects of nanoparticles and organisms are also covered, along with our  understanding and future challenges of prognostic significance of treatments in autoimmune diseases.