This coursebook covers Paper 3, HL option 4: History of Europe, Topic 11: Italy (1815-1871) and Germany (1815-1890) of the History for the International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma syllabus for first assessment in 2017. Tailored to the requirements of the IB syllabus, and written by experienced examiners and teachers it offers authoritative and engaging guidance through events in Italy and Germany in the 19th century, from the impact of revolutions to the emergence of nationalism and the factors involved in the unification process.